With Visual Studio 2017 on Windows 10 (64-bit):

• Launch the CMake GUI (version 3.15) from the start menu
• Next to "Where is the source code:", click "Browse Source..." and navigate to where you cloned the repository with Git.
• Next to "Where to build the binaries:", select "Browse Build..." and select a place to build the ITK library. I like to use c:\build\ITK. This directory should NOT be inside the directory where you cloned the repository.
• Click "Configure", and then specify "Visual Studio 15 2017" as the generator and "x64" as the platform for this project.
• Choose your build options. I like to uncheck BUILD_EXAMPLES and BUILD_TESTING, because not building them speeds up the build process significantly.
• Click "Generate".
• Click "Open Project". This will start a new Visual Studio instance.
• From the Build menu, choose "Build Solution" (or "Build ALL_BUILD")

The list of currently supported versions of Visual Studio can be found in the repository.